Synergizing Islamic Microfinance Institution with Village Owned Enterprise Initiative: A Holistic Approach for Village Development Sinergi Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah dan Badan Usaha Milik Desa: Pendekatan Komprehensif untuk Pembangunan Desa
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Abstract
This study aims at exploring potential synergies between Islamic Microfinance Institution (Baitul Maal wa Tamwil - BMT) and Village Owned Enterprise (BUMDes) as a holistic approach for improving the livelihood of people living in villages. It applies a semi-systematic review of the literature to explore potential synergies between BMT and BUMDes in strategizing and implementing their social and financial roles to improve people's prosperity and well-being. This study finds two potential models for BMT-BUMDes synergies depending on whether BMT and BUMDes already exist in the village. First, a strategic partnership model can be established when both BMT and BUMDes have been established in a village. They can form a strategic alliance as separate entities, where BMT provide social and financial supports for BUMDes based on shariah principles. Second, an integrated BMT-BUMDes can be developed in three situations: 1) when there is BMT but no BUMDes, the BMT can expand its coverage to cover BUMDes businesses; 2) when there is a BUMDes but no BMT, the BUMDes can establish a BMT as its business unit; 3) when there is no BMT or BUMDes in a village, a combination of BUMDes and BMT as an institution can be established. These two models are possible within current government regulations.
Keywords: Baitul Maal wat Tamwil; BMT; BUMDes; Islamic Microfinance Institution; Village-owned Enterprise.
Abstrak:
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali potensi sinergitas antara Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Islam (Baitul Maal wa Tamwil - BMT) dan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes) dengan pendekatan holistik untuk meningkatkan taraf hidup masyarakat yang tinggal di pedesaan. Peneliti menggunakan tinjauan literatur semi sistematis untuk mengeksplorasi potensi sinergi antara BMT dan BUMDes dalam menyusun strategi dan melaksanakan peran sosial serta keuangan mereka dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan dan kemakmuran masyarakat. Penelitian ini menemukan dua model potensial sinergitas BMT-BUMDes dengan bergantung pada apakah sudah ada BMT dan BUMDes di desa tersebut atau tidak. Pertama, model kemitraan strategis dapat dibangun ketika BMT dan BUMDes telah dibentuk di suatu desa. Mereka dapat membentuk aliansi strategis sebagai entitas terpisah, di mana BMT memberikan dukungan sosial dan finansial kepada BUMDes berdasarkan prinsip syariah. Kedua, BMT-BUMDes yang terintegrasi dapat dikembangkan dalam tiga situasi: 1) ketika ada BMT tetapi tidak ada BUMDes, BMT dapat memperluas cakupannya untuk mencakup bisnis BUMDes; 2) bila ada BUMDes tetapi tidak ada BMT, BUMDes dapat membentuk BMT sebagai unit usahanya; 3) apabila di suatu desa belum ada BMT atau BUMDes maka dapat dibentuk gabungan BUMDes dan BMT sebagai kelembagaan. Kedua model ini dimungkinkan dalam peraturan pemerintah saat ini.
Kata Kunci: Baitul Maal wat Tamwil; BMT; BUMDes; Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah; Badan Usaha Milik Desa.
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